Naturally occurring ytterbium (Yb) is composed of 7 stable isotopes, Yb-168, Yb-170, Yb-171, Yb-172, Yb-173, Yb-174, and Yb-176, with Yb-174 being the most abundant (31.83% natural abundance). First, minerals such as monazite or xenotime are dissolved into various acids, such as sulfuric acid. The metal is a fire and explosion hazard. [46], Although ytterbium is fairly stable chemically, it is stored in airtight containers and in an inert atmosphere such as a nitrogen-filled dry box to protect it from air and moisture. [8] The beta allotrope has a metallic electrical conductivity at normal atmospheric pressure, but it becomes a semiconductor when exposed to a pressure of about 16,000 atmospheres (1.6 GPa). blødt og formbart, sølvskinnende metal, med det kemiske symbol Yb og grundstof nr. Much progress has been made in the power scaling lasers and amplifiers produced with ytterbium (Yb) doped optical fibers. It has a high chemical activity and forms stable oxides, halides and sulfides. The ytterbium concentration is low because it is found only among many other rare earth elements; moreover, it is among the least abundant. I would be delighted to receive corrections as well as additional referenced uses.. possible use in improving the grain refinement, strength, and other mechanical properties of stainless steel [8], Ytterbium was discovered by the Swiss chemist Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac in the year 1878. Ytterbium dissolves slowly in water, but quickly in acids, liberating hydrogen gas. For example, ytterbium(III) chloride (YbCl3) is a Lewis acid and can be used as a catalyst in the Aldol[19] and Diels–Alder reactions. As a result, the process is somewhat long. Ytterbium (Symbol Yb) ass e cheemescht Element mat der Uerdnungszuel 70 am Periodesystem vun den Elementer. In water it dissolves slowly, whereas in acids relatively fast. However, ytterbium compounds cause irritation to human skin and eyes, and some might be teratogenic. [15], It is relatively difficult to separate ytterbium from other lanthanides due to its similar properties. This property is used in stress gauges to monitor ground deformations from earthquakes and explosions. YTTERBIUM is itself is a word in english. ytterbium - Dictionary definition and meaning for word ytterbium. On a trouvé 1 solutions pour: 27 radioisotopes have been observed, with the most stable ones being 169Yb with a half-life of 32.0 days, 175Yb with a half-life of 4.18 days, and 166Yb with a half-life of 56.7 hours. Its melting and boiling points are also significantly lower than those of thulium and lutetium. Ytterbium can also be used as a dopant to help improve the grain refinement, strength, and other mechanical properties of stainless steel. The clocks would be accurate within a second for a period comparable to the age of the universe. … Ytterbium can then be separated from other lanthanides by ion exchange, as can other lanthanides. Ytterbium dissolves readily in dilute sulfuric acid to form solutions that contain the colorless Yb(III) ions, which exist as nonahydrate complexes:[12], Although usually trivalent, ytterbium readily forms divalent compounds. At high concentrations, the ytterbium-doped materials show photodarkening[38] Ytterbium is a soft, malleable and rather ductile element that exhibits a bright silvery luster.A rare earth, the element is easily attacked and dissolved by mineral acids, slowly reacts with water, and oxidizes in air.The oxide forms a protective layer on the surface. Ytterbium lasers are highly efficient, have long lifetimes and can generate short pulses; ytterbium can also easily be incorporated into the material used to make the laser. Experiments show that radiographs taken with a 169Yb source are roughly equivalent to those taken with X-rays having energies between 250 and 350 keV. In 1907, the French chemist Georges Urbain separated Marignac's ytterbia into two components: neoytterbia and lutecia. [20] Ytterbium(II) iodide (YbI2) may be used, like samarium(II) iodide, as a reducing agent for coupling reactions. This behavior is unusual for lanthanides, which almost exclusively form compounds with an oxidation state of +3. Nombre de lettres. [30] The clocks developed at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) rely on about 10,000 rare-earth atoms cooled to 10 microkelvin (10 millionths of a degree above absolute zero) and trapped in an optical lattice—a series of pancake-shaped wells made of laser light. 70 i det periodiske system; Bøjning. [44] [9], As an even-numbered lanthanide, in accordance with the Oddo-Harkins rule, ytterbium is significantly more abundant than its immediate neighbors, thulium and lutetium, which occur in the same concentrate at levels of about 0.5% each. A pair of experimental atomic clocks based on ytterbium atoms at the National Institute of Standards and Technology has set a record for stability. [36][37], Usually, low concentrations of ytterbium are used. bab.la arrow_drop_down bab.la - Online dictionaries, … [23] Ytterbium(III) oxide can be reduced to ytterbium(II) oxide (YbO) with elemental ytterbium, which crystallizes in the same structure as sodium chloride. [13][14], Ytterbium is found with other rare earth elements in several rare minerals. Natural ytterbium is a mixture of seven stable isotopes, which altogether are present at concentrations of 3 parts per million. motscroisés.fr n'est pas affilié à SCRABBLE®, Mattel®, Spear®, Hasbro®, Zynga® with Friends de quelque manière que ce soit. [8], Natural ytterbium is composed of seven stable isotopes: 168Yb, 170Yb, 171Yb, 172Yb, 173Yb, 174Yb, and 176Yb, with 174Yb being the most common, at 31.8% of the natural abundance). [6][9], In contrast with the other rare-earth metals, which usually have antiferromagnetic and/or ferromagnetic properties at low temperatures, ytterbium is paramagnetic at temperatures above 1.0 kelvin. [6], Contrary to most other lanthanides, which have a close-packed hexagonal lattice, ytterbium crystallizes in the face-centered cubic system. [6][9], The ytterbium +3 ion is used as a doping material in active laser media, specifically in solid state lasers and double clad fiber lasers. Because of its closed-shell electron configuration, its density and melting and boiling points differ from those of the other lanthanides. It is a rare earth element, and it is readily dissolved by the strong mineral acids. It is a silvery-white, rare earth metal that is malleable, ductile, and soft enough to be cut with a knife.The ninth member of the lanthanide series, terbium is a fairly electropositive metal that reacts with water, evolving hydrogen gas. [16][17], Ytterbium is separated from other rare earths either by ion exchange or by reduction with sodium amalgam. As ytterbium(III) oxide has a significantly higher emissivity in the infrared range than magnesium oxide, a higher radiant intensity is obtained with ytterbium-based payloads in comparison to those commonly based on magnesium/Teflon/Viton (MTV). This is due to the closed-shell electron configuration of ytterbium ([Xe] 4f14 6s2), which causes only the two 6s electrons to be available for metallic bonding (in contrast to the other lanthanides where three electrons are available) and increases ytterbium's metallic radius. [25] After Urbain's names were recognized, neoytterbium was reverted to ytterbium. ytterbium is … It is one of the more commonly encountered compounds of ytterbium . Word Scramble - English word YTTERBIUM: words that start with ytterbium, words that end with ytterbium, anagrams of ytterbium, how to spell ytterbium!, Words with Friends, Scrabble ytterbium (n.) metallic rare-earth element, 1879, coined in Modern Latin by Swedish chemist Carl Gustaf Mosander (1797-1858) from Ytterby, name of a town in Sweden where mineral containing it was found.With metallic element ending -ium. Ici vous pouvez proposer une autre solution. The abundance of ytterbium in the Earth's crust is about 3 mg/kg. Ytterbium has a density of 6.973 g/cm3, which is significantly lower than those of the neighboring lanthanides, thulium (9.32 g/cm3) and lutetium (9.841 g/cm3). The following uses for ytterbium are gathered from a number of sources as well as from anecdotal comments. Marignac suspected that ytterbia was a compound of a new element that he called "ytterbium".[9][22]. Ont été trouvés 673 mots finissant par m, en français officiel. Terbium is a chemical element with the symbol Tb and atomic number 65. Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0. Most ytterbium compounds are found in the +3 oxidation state, and its salts in this oxidation state are nearly colorless. ytterbium intetkøn. It is the fourteenth and penultimate element in the lanthanide series, which is the basis of the relative stability of its +2 oxidation state. Tous les sujets qui contiennent 'Ytterbium', nouvelle proposition de solution pour "Ytterbium". Neoytterbia later became known as the element ytterbium, and lutecia became known as the element lutetium. Sujet et définition de mots fléchés et mots croisés ⇒ YTTERBIUM sur motscroisés.fr toutes les solutions pour l'énigme YTTERBIUM avec 2 lettres. Ytterbium - Arabic meanings: الإيتربيوم - Definition & Synonyms English to Arabic dictionary gives you the best and accurate Arabic translation and meanings of Ytterbium. Definition (noun) a soft silvery metallic element; a rare earth of the lanthanide series; it occurs in gadolinite and monazite and xenotime Synonyms: atomic number 70, yb Connect with us on Facebook. EurLex-2 EurLex-2 Shocktrykmålere, som kan måle tryk på over 10 GPa, herunder målere fremstillet af manganin, ytterbium og polyvinylidenbifluorid (PVBF, PVF2) Schokdrukmeters die geschikt zijn voor het meten van druk hoger dan 10 GPa, waaronder meters die zijn gemaakt met manganine, ytterbium Aide mots fléchés et mots croisés. [22], Ytterbium reacts with oxygen to form ytterbium(III) oxide (Yb2O3), which crystallizes in the "rare-earth C-type sesquioxide" structure which is related to the fluorite structure with one quarter of the anions removed, leading to ytterbium atoms in two different six coordinate (non-octahedral) environments. Ytterbium Applications. Ytterbium. (1) Other researchers are looking into using different atoms, such as calcium, strontium, and ytterbium . [41] Ytterbium-doped LMA fibers also have the advantages of a larger mode field diameter, which negates the impacts of nonlinear effects such as stimulated Brillouin scattering and stimulated Raman scattering, which limit the achievement of higher power levels, and provide a distinct advantage over single mode ytterbium-doped fibers. Its electrical resistivity increases ten times upon compression to 39,000 atmospheres (3.9 GPa), but then drops to about 10% of its room-temperature resistivity at about 40,000 atm (4.0 GPa). All of its remaining radioactive isotopes have half-lives that are less than two hours and most of these have half-lives are less than 20 minutes. L'Utilisation de ces marques sur motscroisés.fr est uniquement à des fins d'information. [8] The +2 oxidation state occurs only in solid compounds and reacts in some ways similarly to the alkaline earth metal compounds; for example, ytterbium(II) oxide (YbO) shows the same structure as calcium oxide (CaO). [9] Microscopic traces of ytterbium are used as a dopant in the Yb:YAG laser, a solid-state laser in which ytterbium is the element that undergoes stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation. The oxide is reduced to metal by heating with lanthanum, aluminium, cerium or zirconium in high vacuum. The alloy is treated with hydrochloric acid. Pas de bonne réponse? The large number of atoms is key to the clocks' high stability. [48] Metallic ytterbium dust can spontaneously combust,[49] and the resulting fumes are hazardous. Mixtures of powdered ytterbium with polytetrafluoroethylene or hexachloroethane burn with a luminous emerald-green flame. Ytterbium fires cannot be extinguished using water, and only dry chemical class D fire extinguishers can extinguish the fires. It is the fourteenth and penultimate element in the lanthanide series, which is the basis of the relative stability of its +2 … authors in Wikipedia, This website uses tracking mechanisms by using technically not necessary cookies in order to offer and constantly improve its services, and to provide individual offers. The yellow-green ytterbium(II) ion is a very strong reducing agent and decomposes water, releasing hydrogen gas, and thus only the colorless ytterbium(III) ion occurs in aqueous solution. [7] With a melting point of 824 °C and a boiling point of 1196 °C, ytterbium has the smallest liquid range of all the metals. In 1907, the new earth "lutecia" was separated from ytterbia, from which the element "lutecium" (now lutetium) was extracted by Georges Urbain, Carl Auer von Welsbach, and Charles James. The primary decay products of ytterbium isotopes lighter than 174Yb are thulium isotopes, and the primary decay products of ytterbium isotopes with heavier than 174Yb are lutetium isotopes. [6], Ytterbium has three allotropes labeled by the Greek letters alpha, beta and gamma; their transformation temperatures are −13 °C and 795 °C,[6] although the exact transformation temperature depends on the pressure and stress. The solution is then applied to a resin, which different lanthanides bind in different matters.